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Questions 1.5

From the kinetic theory (Section 1.4) and your own experience with matter:

    1. Are the particles in liquids and gases strongly held together? -------
    2. Give a reason for your answer ------------------------------------------------
    1. Rank solids, liquids and gases in the order of their density (“heaviness”). Most dense ---------------- Less dense ------------------- Least dense -----------
    2. Rank solids, liquids and gases in the order of closeness of their particles. Close -----------------Closer --------------------Closest ----------------- (c) Give a reason for your answer to 2(b). ----------------------------------------
  1. Rank gases, solids and liquids in the order of strength of attraction between their particles. Weaker ----------------Weak -----------------Strong-----------
    1. In which physical state is the arrangement of particles regular? ----------------
    2. Give a reason for your answer. --------------------------


Answers to Questions 1.5

    1. No.
    2. It is soft and we easily move through it.
    1. Most dense: Solids; Less dense: Liquids; Least dense: Gases
    2. Close: Gas particles; Closer: Liquid particles; Closest: Solid particles
    3. Lowest density of gases suggests that their particles are farthest apart. The highest density of solids suggests that their particles are the most closely packed.
  1. The order of strength of attraction is: weaker: gases; weak: liquids; strong: solids.
    1. Arrangement of particles in solid state is regular.
    2. Solids have regular shapes.


Notes

Particles of solids are strongly held together; so they are close to one another. Therefore solids have high densities, are hard, and have definite shape. Particles of liquids are weakly held together; so liquids have moderate density and are soft. Also, they flow and have no definite shape. Particles in gases are far apart and free from one another. They too flow and have no definite shape; but, in addition, no definite volume.