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CHEMISTRY LEVEL 3


1. GAS LAWS
2. THE MOLE: Formulae and Chemical Equations
3. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1
4. NITROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS
5. SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS
6. CHLORINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS
7. A guide to chemical tests based on this module
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Chlorine and its Compounds: Reaction of chlorine with alkaline solutions

6.0 Chlorine and its Compounds


6.6 Reaction of chlorine with alkaline solutions


Chlorine reacts With cold dilute sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH(aq)), to form two salts, namely sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl(aq)) which is a laundry bleach (e.g. jik), sodium chloride (NaCl(aq)) and water (H2O). It reacts with potassium hydroxide in a similar way.


2NaOH(aq) + Cl2(g) → NaOCl(aq) + NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)


Chlorine reacts with hot concentrated sodium hydroxide (NaOH(aq) to form sodium chlorate (NaClO3), instead of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). It reacts in a similar way with hot concentrated potassium hydroxide solution.


6NaOH(aq) + 3Cl2(g) → NaClO3(aq) + 5NaCl(aq) + 3H2O(l)


Chlorine reacts with calcium hydroxide solution (Ca(OH)2(aq)) to form calcium chloride (CaCl2), and Ca(OCl)2, the bleaching powder.


2Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2Cl2(g) → CaCl2(aq) + Ca(OCl)2(aq) + 2H2O(l)


Questions 6.6

  1. Write a formula equation for the reaction between cold dilute potassium hydroxide solution and chlorine gas.
  2. Write a formula equation for the reaction between hot concentrated potassium hydroxide solution and chlorine gas.


Answers to Questions 6.6